Online Blogucation

Jul 01 2009

Momentum Building for Competency Based Learning

Filed under: Accountability, Assessment, Best Practices, Higher education, Online Learning, eLearning

Most of us have heard of the European Union along with the establishment of the Euro as a common currency across the continent. Fewer have heard of the Bologna Process which began in June, 1999 with the goal of creating a more standardized higher education system in EU member nations. One initiative has been a tuning project where academics work to define a common set of learning outcomes by discipline and degree level.

The dialogue continues worldwide today about whether a focus on competencies versus assignment grading leads to an improved student learning experience but most would agree there is a difference. Many students are able to memorize processes or to cram for an exam but the ability to apply knowledge, skills, and concepts to new situations requires a deeper level of learning which is better suited for competency based assessment.

A June 4, 2009 blog post on The Chronicle for Higher Education website summarized a recent report commissioned by the Association of American Medical Colleges and the Howard Hughes Medical Institute calling for institutions to focus on competencies instead of courses as a way to improve curriculum for pre-med and medical schools. The report convened a group of educators, practitioners, and researchers to define a set of competencies both for entrance into and graduation from medical school. NCATE has already defined similar competencies for educators and other accreditation bodies are coming on board as well with efforts to agree on a core set of competencies by discipline.

The Lumina Foundation for Education also recently announced a three state Tuning USA project that seeks to define “the subject-specific knowledge and transferable skills that students in six fields must demonstrate upon completion of a degree program”. This is a bottom up effort involving faculty, students, and employers. Representatives from Indiana, Minnesota, and Utah will each define student learning outcomes for two disciplines while striving to preserve the ability for individual institutions and faculty to retain their academic freedom to teach to a common set of outcomes in the manner of their own choosing.

Pearson eCollege will continue to monitor this trend and seeks input from our partner institutions for best practices in outcome management and competency based learning.

References

Benelux Bologna Secretariat (n.d.). About the Bologna Process. Retrieved June 12, 2009 from Web site: http://www.ond.vlaanderen.be/hogeronderwijs/bologna/about/

Lumina Foundation for Education (2009, April 8). News Release. Retrieved June 12, 2009 from , Web site: http://www.luminafoundation.org/newsroom/news_releases/2009-04-08.html

Mangan, K. (2009, June 4). ‘Competencies,’ Not Courses, Should Be Focus of Medical-School Curricula, Report Says. Retrieved June12, 2009 from The Chronicle of Higher Education, Web site: http://chronicle.com/news/article/6588/competencies-not-courses-should-be-focus-of-medical-school-curricula-report-says

Jun 25 2009

Copyright and Fair Use

Filed under: Best Practices, Education, Online Learning, Teaching, Technology, eLearning

Questions about copyright and the fair use of copyrighted materials for education come up a lot during out work with educators on different campuses. I was planning on writing about this topic anyway, and then I came across a great resource that I knew I had to share. It’s an interactive guide to using multimedia in your courses (put together by Baruch College). It is not applicable in every situation, as it deals exclusively with using audio, visual, or audiovisual materials for use in traditional classroom or password protected online course environment (and does not consider use through course packs or personal email or websites). It focuses mostly on the TEACH Act (Technology, Education and Copyright Harmonization), which “exempts from liability the transmission, including over a digital network, of a performance or display of a copyrighted work by an accredited non-profit educational institution to students officially enrolled in a course or a government body to officers or employees of government as a part of their official duties or employment. It does not cover making textual materials available to students” (See this site for more information).

The “Copyright Metro” gives step-by-step instructions for determining if an instructor can legally use particular material in their course. The way you answer the questions determines the “metro” tracks you take. The first consideration is whether or not the work was legally made or acquired (pick “no” and that’s the end of your train). If “yes,” you are then asked if you have copyright holder permission (pick “yes” and you’re good to go). If you pick “no,” you then answer whether you’ll use the media in-class or online. If online, there are different tracks for audio, visual, or audiovisual. And so on.

Beyond this interactive exercise, there are many great resources online (I particularly like this document listing different media types and the specific uses allowed), and I would also encourage you to talk with your school’s library or legal staff to find out specific policies for your institution.

– Gail E. Krovitz, Ph.D. –
Senior Academic Trainer & Consultant

Jun 17 2009

Immediacy and inclusion: making students your academic peers

Filed under: eLearning

The Chronicle of Higher Education (http://www.chronicle.com) recently published a thought provoking but not entirely surprising article on student reading and writing habits as assessed by their instructors. In this article, (Studies Explore Whether the Internet Makes Students Better Writers, http://chronicle.com/free/v55/i39/39writing.htm?utm_source=at&utm_medium=en), the pros and cons of whether social electronic media tools improve or diminish a student’s writing ability are examined. The distinction made is between academic (i.e., rules of the game are pre-digital native) and social (rules are post digital-native) writing, and the point (one we’ve all likely heard before) is made that non-academic student writing is largely social. Some professors feel that this outside social writing is promoting inferior student writing in the academic setting.

Over and over again the ideas of social writing, immediacy, and engagement are brought up. The percentage of student writing that is academic is quite low….Students write for an audience; generally this audience consists of their peers….The peer group determines the level of vocabulary, style and general level of authorship, etc., etc. While reading the article, I kept waiting for someone to strategize about how to improve academic writing by actually including the students in the academic peer group, mirroring the audience-based impetus for writing that the article recognizes drives student social writing. Many of the professor commentators in the article talk about how students write for their peers, and voluminously. So how do we shift some of that volume to the academic sphere?

I was particularly caught by the comments of a George Mason professor, Paul Rodgers. Mr. Rogers talks about the immediacy qualities of student social writing, and how this immediacy keeps students engaged because they are “conscious of the effect their writing is having on other people.” Absolutely! Isn’t that why we in academia write? Conversely, when we ask students to write an academic paper, we are basically limiting their audience to one. That takes away some of the immediacy we recognize as an engagement factor for our students. In our own academic communities, when we publish a paper, we do so in properly researched and written, formatted, and cited fashion, with the knowledge that our writing will have an effect on an audience of our peers, not just one person. We are therefore also attracted to social writing, and this social writing is similarly directed to a peer group that determines that our writing style will be properly academic. We’re not so different from our students, so it should not be a big leap to see that including them in a social AND academic community is necessary to get them to produce.

In an online course, we have tools that promote this idea. Of course, we have the ability to be a member of the learning community. This learning community should optimally transform itself into an academic learning community under the direction of the instructor. At the same time, since this is a community, the instructor and students should also function as peers. This means that the writing that is done, though academic in form and function, should be seen and reacted to by the entire peer group. The tools in an online class facilitate this—using the discussion thread, the document storage and collaboration area, the grouping function, and the web links library will aid in the community accessing and reacting to member research and writing. The instructor guides and is the final authority when assessing each community member, of course, but if the student is drawn into an academic writing process in this more social manner, we will likely have more success with getting them to adopt the customs of academia when writing for their classes.

I’m going to put this article in front of my Reading Strategies students to see what they think. They will probably write voluminously. ;-)

–Vicki Galloway Harsh
Sr. Academic Trainer and Consultant

Jun 04 2009

Good Training = Good Teaching!

Filed under: Education

I was trying to guess for someone today how many trainings I’ve performed for eCollege.  Wow…I’ve been at the company almost 7 years and my first job was as a trainer.  Now, as the manager of that same group I don’t “train” as much as I used to, but I still keep my toe in the pool.  I would guess that I’ve given over 200 trainings in my tenure with eCollege.  And that doesn’t include conference speaking, sales demonstrations, etc.

But what have I learned in that time?  1 part training = 1 part success.  Unfortunately training is the last thing people think about and the first thing to get axed from any budget.  (Even if that budget is simply time!)  But I’ve seen partners who “didn’t need” training have a very bad time getting up and running.  It’s more than important – it’s essential in 99% of cases.

Over the years, I’ve been asked a LOT how to pick a great trainer.  In fact, I’ll likely have to do it again very soon myself!  Sure, there are the typical job posting qualities: must be a good communicator, must have good prioritization skills, etc. But the list is bigger – more contextual than that. While I’ve been praised over the years as a great trainer, I know that I’m not the total package. (You can fool some of the people some of the time…) I don’t possess some of the qualities that I look for in others. (Isn’t that what a good boss does – find people who do what you don’t?) Not everyone is a great speaker while still being a great consultant. Some people can listen and be respectful but don’t have the “big picture” attribute. But, all things considered, this is a good list to start from if you’re looking for someone to be a “trainer” at your company. Let’s see if I can crystallize them here for you. A good trainer is:

1. A good teacher. The mission at eCollege for trainers is unique. We try to hire trainers who deliver teaching tips as well as functional, system training. We think this really differentiates us from our competitors. In my past life, when I was solely teaching using the Internet, I sat in on trainings from our competitors and it was always, “Click this button – here is what happens…” Ugh. Our trainers try VERY hard to use learning style research, education theory, and brain research to make our trainings actually helpful. Adults need context – they need to know how AND why. We try to provide that.
2. Someone who can handle a room. Good communication skills are essential. But presentation skills are not the only way to “handle a room!” This also includes listening, being respectful, good interpersonal skills, good nonverbals, etc. The best trainers aren’t on the stage the whole time and if they can’t relate 1X1, I’d rather find someone with who isn’t as strong with presentation, if they have great interpersonal skills. (I think we can always teach presentation skills to someone.)
3. Someone who can get to the “so what” of anything. When I took the main trainer role from a colleague who was moving on, there were several elements in our trainings that had no impact, because they didn’t really matter. People need things to be streamlined into what matters vs what doesn’t. Good trainers can do that after trying something just a few times.  Brevity is important!
4. Someone who is flexible. I have worked with trainers before who found themselves in trouble if they got to a school and were told, “We already know the platform…can you teach us something about web 2.0?” They freaked out! But, we have some trainers who can absolutely handle that kind of curve ball without blinking. They think on their feet and it makes a major difference!
5. A creative. A person who thinks out of the box can provide that extra “umph” that people love. Little tips, tricks, and special “secrets” that accompany the training are essential. They make the training “pop” and the audience feels like they know “special” information.
6. A good storyteller. 75% of your audience relates to (any) story. So, I need someone who can tell a good, compelling, concise story to emphasize a point. (This can be taught to some people, but you need a good teacher who really understands the makings of a narrative.)
7. Someone who can follow up. The hardest thing for me (personally) is following up after the seminar. Good trainers are macro enough to get the big picture as well as micro enough to deal with the small details.
8. Someone who enjoys research. Good trainers have to know what trends are impacting whatever it is they train for. At eCollege it’s education, technology, learning, curriculum, outcomes, assessment, etc. So, we have to do our best to stay on top of what’s going on in the education world so we can provide really important, but correct insights for our participants.
9. Confident, but not cocky. Too confident feels “salesy” or “shmoozy” – I want genuine (as do trainees). This often comes from experience (on either side of the podium). Of course, the best way to acquire confidence is to do it, learning the mistakes not to repeat and the victories to include every time.
10. A strong leader. I work with people all the time who are scared to tell people what to do, how to think, etc. People can always disagree, but often, participants want someone to say, “This is the best way to do it” vs “There are lots of ways to do it, pick your favorite.” There is a time for each of those messages, but some people are scared to death of option 1. I need someone who’s not afraid to be assertive! Ultimately, most training participants want the same thing… as my old boss loves to say, “People want to be lead!”

Good trainers are hard to come by. A LOT of companies make the same mistake about this position that is made in several other positions. The assumption that somebody can train simply because they know the product, service, process, etc., is a bad line of reasoning.  Many companies install executives who are great at what they do, assuming that this also means they know how to lead, communicate downward, manage, etc. It’s a bad assumption for anyone to make and it’s bad for trainers. Often the best trainers are simply the best communicators. And there is a LOT of communication needed…presentation, interpersonal, intercultural, small group, nonverbal, organizational, etc. But, once you find a good trainer, treat them well. Because as helpful as that trainer is for your school, they are a show-piece that others start to want as representatives for their own organizations.

May 21 2009

Strategies to integrate technology into campus outcome management

Filed under: Accountability

Most well designed technology enhanced solutions require a substantial investment from academic leaders and faculty on campus in order to yield more turn-key reporting and analytics going forward.  The level of effort depends on the maturity of the campus learning statement hierarchy and the comprehensiveness of course outcome to program goal to institutional mission statement mapping and articulation.  If these components are well-established then populating a system should be a matter of formatting the data for import into the software. 

A good implementation plan begins with a discovery and needs assessment phase to determine the current climate on campus and to obtain both short and long-term goals from academic leadership.  Implementation specialists should then tailor the software to integrate with the situation at the institution while also challenging project participants to incorporate best practice assessment strategies when current practice is following a less than optimal process. 

Faculty resistance to any technological solution is often ameliorated if the presentation of the solution is couched in terms of improved student learning and/or improved instructional effectiveness.  In this case, a technology solution for learning outcomes management does that, and faculty developers can leverage that attribute by emphasizing that a focus on learning outcomes improvement in higher education preceded accreditation calls for outcomes-based assessment.  In that regard, managing and improving student achievement of outcomes is merely an aspect of the scholarship of teaching and learning, and the technology solution becomes a tool to improve the effectiveness and efficiency of helping students succeed instead of yet another time consuming addition to faculty workload. 

Inevitably, institutions find gaps in their outcome assessment strategy when they decide to embark on a technology enhanced solution.  This is completely natural and part of the process of continuous improvement.  A major point of advice for those in charge of implementing an outcome management solution is to start small so pain points can be identified and process improvements can be made before it becomes a huge task to update the process for an institution-wide adoption.  Assessment experts from accreditation agencies also advise institutions to capture only the amount of data they can digest and to feel empowered to take a break from the data collection process if they need time to process information before gathering more data.  The worse situation is a case where an institution is consumed by assessment without actually learning anything. 

May 13 2009

Adult students and new technologies?

Filed under: Education

Do we need to incorporate new technologies (such as Web 2.0 tools) for adult students?

For those of us who primarily teach adult, non-traditional students, we might not think we need to pay attention to things like social networking or other Web 2.0 technologies. I was recently presenting on new technologies to a school that primarily serves adult non-traditional learners, and they asked how this related to them, and why their students would care.

We tend to think that many of these tools are already being used by younger students, and so that means we don’t need to teach about them. However, Will Richardson has the following thoughts about why it is still important to teach young students how to appropriately use these technologies (from the article “Footprints in the Digital Age”): “This may be the first large technological shift in history that’s being driven by children. Picture a bus. Your students are standing in the front; most teachers (maybe even you) are in the back, hanging on to the seat straps as the bus careens down the road under the guidance of kids who have never been taught to steer and who are figuring it out as they go. In short, for a host of reasons, we’re failing to empower kids to use one of the most important technologies for learning that we’ve ever had.”

If it is important to provide guidance for younger students who are already engaged with these technologies, then why wouldn’t it be important for adult students who might not otherwise use these tools? Today’s younger students will grow up to become tomorrow’s higher education students… whether they enter at a traditional timeframe or non-traditional timeframe.

These tools are powerful. We need to teach about them not just because students are playing with them, but because they will shape our world in the future. Are we doing our adult students a disservice if we don’t also teach them to use some of “the most important technologies for learning that we’ve ever had?”

– Gail E. Krovitz, Ph.D. –
Senior Academic Trainer & Consultant, Pearson eCollege

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